Preventing drowning: Implementation guide

David Meddings

Autores

David Meddings World Health Organization; Department for Management of NCDs, Disability, Violence, and Injury Prevention, Geneva, Switzerland

Palavras-chave:

afogamento, crianças, saúde pública, segurança aquática

Resumo

Muitas pessoas ao redor do mundo conhecem a dor de perder um ente querido por afogamento. A cada ano, quase 360.000 pessoas morrem por afogamento – mais de 90% delas em países de baixa e média renda. Mais da metade dessas mortes ocorre entre menores de 25 anos, sendo as crianças menores de 5 anos as que correm maior risco. O afogamento é a terceira principal causa de morte em todo o mundo entre pessoas de 5 a 14 anos. Apesar desses fatos trágicos, a prevenção do afogamento recebe relativamente pouca atenção e poucos recursos.

Há muito mais que podemos fazer para prevenir o afogamento. Os compromissos globais assumidos como parte dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, por exemplo, não poderão ser cumpridos enquanto essa causa evitável de morte for deixada em grande parte sem controle. Todos nós – formuladores de políticas, pais, organizações sem fins lucrativos, empresas e cidadãos conscientes – podemos ajudar a prevenir o afogamento. Explicar como, é o objetivo deste guia.

Com base no Relatório Global sobre Afogamento de 2014 da Organização Mundial da Saúde, as páginas a seguir fornecem orientações práticas e passo a passo sobre como implementar 10 medidas eficazes para prevenir o afogamento. Elas abrangem desde soluções comunitárias, como creches para crianças e barreiras que controlam o acesso à água, até políticas e legislações nacionais eficazes em relação à segurança aquática, incluindo a definição e o cumprimento de regulamentos para navegação, transporte marítimo e balsas. Dados mostram que todas essas soluções podem ajudar a salvar vidas.

Quanto mais trabalharmos juntos para implementar as medidas descritas neste guia, mais vidas podem ser salvas. Instamos todos os envolvidos a adotarem o máximo de intervenções e estratégias que seus recursos permitirem e a protegerem os mais vulneráveis sem demora.

_{Margaret Chan, Diretora-Geral da Organização Mundial da Saúde}
_{Michael R. Bloomberg, Embaixador Global da OMS para Doenças Não Transmissíveis}

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