Explorando as experiências de natação e exercícios aquáticos em pessoas com condições crônicas de saúde: Resultados da pesquisa England Swims

Lewis  Wright; Fiona  Moffatt; Kerry  Watkiss; Andrew  Power; Dominic  O'Connor

Autores

Lewis Wright School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Fiona Moffatt School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
Kerry Watkiss Swim England, Sport Park, Loughborough University, United Kingdom
Andrew Power Swim England, Sport Park, Loughborough University, United Kingdom
Dominic O'Connor School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Palavras-chave:

Exercício Aquático, Condição Crônica De Saúde, Natação, Atividade Física, Sedentarismo

Resumo

Este estudo analisa dados da pesquisa "England Swims", da Swim England, para explorar as percepções sobre a natação e exercícios aquáticos entre indivíduos com condições de saúde de longa duração (LTHCs) e identificar barreiras à participação. Este estudo transversal envolveu a análise de respostas coletadas durante a pesquisa "England Swims" de 2022. As informações demográficas foram resumidas utilizando estatística descritiva. As respostas dos participantes foram resumidas de forma descritiva. As respostas em texto livre foram analisadas tematicamente segundo as técnicas de Miles e Huberman de rotulagem, codificação, categorização e desenvolvimento de temas. Técnicas de comparação constante foram utilizadas para garantir que todas as perspectivas fossem representadas na análise, e casos divergentes foram examinados. Dos 6.608 indivíduos que abriram a pesquisa, foram recebidas 4.615 respostas (taxa de resposta de 70%); destas, 816 (18%) relataram ter uma doença crônica. Entre aqueles com essas condições, 606 (74%) relataram saber nadar, e 212 (26%) relataram não saber. As três barreiras mais comuns relatadas pelos não nadadores foram a falta de renda disponível (n = 208; 43%), o custo elevado (n = 191; 40%) e a falta de motivação (n = 178; 37%). A análise das respostas em texto livre identificou quatro temas relacionados à natação: (i) Confiança, (ii) Medo de discriminação, estigma ou atenção indesejada, (iii) Disponibilidade e (iv) Ambiente pouco acolhedor. Os resultados revelam que, apesar das percepções geralmente positivas sobre a natação, múltiplas barreiras impedem a participação de muitas pessoas. São necessárias intervenções direcionadas para tornar a natação mais acessível e atraente para indivíduos com LTHC. Pesquisas futuras seriam valiosas para embasar decisões políticas e deveriam explorar a eficácia de intervenções específicas voltadas para superar essas barreiras.

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Artigo adaptado e traduzido para o português pelos editores de NADAR! SWIMMING MAGAZINE para republicação, conforme normas de submissão do periódico. Versão original em: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13349663/ LICENÇA ORIGINAL E DA ADAPTAÇÃO: Attribution 4.0 International CC BY 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.