Eficácia de Programa de Natação em Adolescentes com Síndrome de Down

Alicja  Naczk; Ewa  Gajewska; Mariusz  Naczk

Autores

Alicja Naczk Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Physical Culture, University School of Physical Education, Poland
Ewa Gajewska Department of Developmental Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
Mariusz Naczk Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, Poland

Palavras-chave:

programa de natação, capacidade aeróbica, força muscular, composição do corpo, Síndrome de Down

Resumo

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a influência de um programa de natação de 33 semanas na capacidade aeróbica, força muscular, equilíbrio, flexibilidade e composição corporal de adolescentes com síndrome de Down (SD). Vinte e dois adolescentes com diagnóstico de SD foram alocados aleatoriamente no grupo de treinamento (T) e no grupo de controle (C). O grupo T participou de 33 semanas de exercícios aquáticos e um programa de natação, enquanto o grupo de controle manteve suas atividades diárias normais. Após trinta e três semanas de programa de natação, a massa corporal, a gordura corporal e o IMC do grupo T diminuíram significativamente (de 56,8 ± 7,97 kg para 55,0 ± 7,11 kg, de 15,1 ± 4,47 kg para 13,2 ± 3,92 kg e de 25,1 ± 4,47 kg para 13,2 ± 3,92 kg). 2,37 para 24,0 ± 2,05, respectivamente), enquanto um aumento significativo foi registrado em C (de 57,3 ± 8,43 kg para 59,7 ± 8,29 kg, de 14,5 ± 2,76 kg para 16,0 ± 3,11 kg, e de 25,4 ± 2,46 para 26,0 ± 2,72, respectivamente ). Além disso, foi observada melhora significativa na capacidade aeróbica no grupo T; O VO2máx (mL/kg/min) aumentou 16,3% em T e diminuiu 4,8% em C. Observou-se melhora na força estática de braço, força de tronco e resistência/força funcional em T, enquanto os parâmetros não se alteraram em C. A velocidade do movimento do braço, o equilíbrio e a flexibilidade não mudaram após a intervenção. Além disso, as habilidades aquáticas melhoraram significativamente no grupo de treino. Mudanças em C não foram significativas. Os resultados do nosso estudo indicam que o programa de natação de 33 semanas melhorou significativamente o estado de saúde e as habilidades de natação em adolescentes com SD.

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Artigo adaptado e traduzido para o português pelos editores de NADAR! SWIMMING MAGAZINE para republicação, conforme normas de submissão do periódico. Versão original em: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/14/7441 LICENÇA ORIGINAL E DA ADAPTAÇÃO: © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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