Influências dos comportamentos psicomotores na aprendizagem de natação em crianças de 6 a 9 anos

Renato-Gabriel  Petrea; Cristina-Elena  Moraru; Ileana-Monica  Popovici; Ilie-Cătălin  Știrbu; Liliana-Elisabeta  Radu; Marin  Chirazi; Cristian-Mihail  Rus; Alexandru  Oprean; Oana  Rusu

Autores

Renato-Gabriel Petrea Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania
Cristina-Elena Moraru Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania
Ileana-Monica Popovici Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania
Ilie-Cătălin Știrbu Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania
Liliana-Elisabeta Radu Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania
Marin Chirazi Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania
Cristian-Mihail Rus Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania
Alexandru Oprean Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania
Oana Rusu Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania

Palavras-chave:

Psicomotricidade, Crianças, Destreza Manual, Esquema Corporal, Equilíbrio Estático, Flutuabilidade, Natação Infantil, Aprendizagem

Resumo

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a existência de algumas relações entre determinados comportamentos psicomotores, que consideramos específicos da natação, e a aprendizagem da execução da técnica de alguns estilos de natação (nado crawl e costas). O estudo foi realizado durante 10 meses e incluiu 76 crianças (40 meninos e 36 meninas) com idades entre 6 e 9 anos que praticam natação recreativa numa cidade da Romênia. Foram utilizadas diversas ferramentas: o teste Tapping para destreza manual, o teste Goodenough para esquema corporal, o teste Flamingo para equilíbrio estático e o teste de flutuabilidade horizontal para equilíbrio corporal na água. Os resultados indicaram melhores classificações em todos os comportamentos psicomotores analisados de acordo com o sexo (a favor das meninas em relação aos meninos). Os níveis de todos os comportamentos psicomotores analisados têm relação direta com a idade dos sujeitos. Além disso, identificamos correlações positivas moderadas para destreza manual (rs = 0,63 no estilo crawl; rs = 0,57 no estilo costas) e correlações fortes para esquema corporal, equilíbrio estático e flutuabilidade, coordenação com a aprendizagem dos dois estilos de natação ( r ou rs entre 0,77 e 0,85). Concluindo, os comportamentos psicomotores podem ser preditores para a aprendizagem de estilos de natação.

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NOTA

Artigo adaptado e traduzido para o português pelos editores de NADAR! SWIMMING MAGAZINE para republicação, conforme normas de submissão do periódico. Versão original em: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/10/8/1339 LICENÇA ORIGINAL E DA ADAPTAÇÃO: © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.